Energy & Metabolism

TDEE Calculator

Total Daily Energy Expenditure is every calorie you burn in a day. It is the number every other calorie target is built from.

Most people pick one level too high. A desk job plus three gym sessions is moderately active, not very active.

Your TDEE

2,610 cal/day

BMR 1,684 cal × activity 1.55

Cut: lose fat

2,088

20% deficit, about 0.75 lb a week

Maintain

2,610

Weight holds steady

Bulk: build muscle

2,871

10% surplus, lean gain

What your TDEE is made of

Your daily burn comes from four places. Knowing the split is useful, because the part most people try to change is not the part with the most room in it.

Component Share What it covers
BMR 60 to 70% Breathing, circulation, brain activity, tissue repair. The cost of staying alive.
NEAT 15 to 30% Walking, standing, fidgeting, housework. Everything you do that is not deliberate exercise.
TEF About 10% Digesting and absorbing food. Protein costs the most to process, carbs less, fat least.
Exercise 5 to 10% Your actual workouts. Smaller than almost everyone assumes.

The surprise for most people is the bottom two rows. An hour in the gym might buy you 300 to 500 calories, while the gap between a sedentary day and an active one can be 600 or more. NEAT is also the component that quietly falls when you start dieting: you sit more, move less, take the elevator. That drift is a real part of why weight loss slows down.

How TDEE is calculated

This calculator uses the Mifflin-St Jeor equation, published in 1990 and still the most accurate of the common formulas. It predicts resting metabolic rate more closely than the older Harris-Benedict equation it replaced, and the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics recommends it for healthy adults.

Men: BMR = 10 × kg + 6.25 × cm − 5 × age + 5

Women: BMR = 10 × kg + 6.25 × cm − 5 × age − 161

TDEE = BMR × activity multiplier

The equation is the dependable half. The activity multiplier is where the error creeps in, because it compresses your commute, your job, your training and your weekend into a single number between 1.2 and 1.9. Treat the result as a starting estimate you test, not a fact about your body.

Choosing your activity level honestly

Level Multiplier What it actually looks like
Sedentary1.2Desk job, no structured exercise, under 5,000 steps a day
Lightly active1.375Desk job plus 1 to 3 workouts, or 7,000 to 9,000 steps
Moderately active1.553 to 5 real training sessions a week. Where most gym-goers land.
Very active1.7256 or 7 hard sessions, or an active job plus training
Extremely active1.9Manual labor plus daily training, or an athlete in season

If you are genuinely unsure, pick the lower of the two levels you are choosing between. An underestimate shows up as faster progress than expected, which is easy to correct. An overestimate shows up as no progress at all, which people usually blame on their metabolism.

Example TDEE by age and activity

These figures come from the same equation the calculator uses, worked out for two common builds. They are a sanity check, not a substitute for your own numbers.

Man, 5'9", 175 lb

Age BMR Sedentary Light Moderate Very active
201,7932,1502,4702,7803,090
301,7432,0902,4002,7003,010
401,6932,0302,3302,6202,920
501,6431,9702,2602,5502,830
601,5931,9102,1902,4702,750

Woman, 5'4", 145 lb

Age BMR Sedentary Light Moderate Very active
201,4161,7001,9502,1902,440
301,3661,6401,8802,1202,360
401,3161,5801,8102,0402,270
501,2661,5201,7401,9602,180
601,2161,4601,6701,8802,100

Notice how little the age rows move: about 50 calories per decade at the same weight. Most of the slowdown people blame on age comes from losing muscle and moving less, not from age itself.

What to do with the number

Losing fat

Take 15 to 25% off. Keep protein high so the weight you lose is fat rather than muscle. Expect roughly 0.5 to 1% of body weight per week.

Building muscle

Add 10 to 15%. Bigger surpluses add fat rather than muscle, because muscle has a speed limit that extra food cannot raise.

Maintaining

Eat at your TDEE. This matters most right after a diet: holding a new weight for a few months makes it far more likely to stay.

Then test it

Weigh daily, average each week, compare after 14 days. Adjust by 150 to 200 calories if the trend is not what you wanted.

Find your real TDEE in two weeks

Any equation gives you an estimate. Two weeks of data gives you your actual number, and it is worth more than every calculator on the internet put together.

1

Eat at your calculated TDEE for 14 days. Track everything, including oils, drinks and the bites you take while cooking. Those are where most of the untracked calories hide.

2

Weigh yourself every morning after using the bathroom, before eating or drinking. Daily weight swings 2 to 4 lb on water alone, so single readings tell you nothing.

3

Average week one and compare it to week two. Averages cancel out the noise that makes day-to-day readings so frustrating.

4

Do the math. Steady weight means the calculator was right. Lost a pound a week? Your real TDEE is about 500 calories higher than you ate. Gained a pound? About 500 lower.

Why your real number might be different

Body composition. The equation only knows height, weight, age and sex. Two people at 180 lb can differ by 200 calories a day if one carries much more muscle. If you know your body fat percentage, the Katch-McArdle equation on our BMR calculator will fit you better.

A long diet behind you. After months of restriction, expenditure sits below what your size predicts. Part is less muscle, part is reduced NEAT, part is genuine hormonal adaptation. It recovers when you eat at maintenance for a while.

Thyroid function. An underactive thyroid lowers resting expenditure. If you are also cold all the time, tired, or losing hair, that is worth a blood test rather than a smaller calorie target.

Plain variation. Even after accounting for everything measurable, people of the same size can differ by 100 to 200 calories a day. That is normal, and it is exactly why the two-week test beats any estimate.

Frequently Asked Questions